![]() ![]() This is presumably due to lower peak serum levels and less LDL-bound amphotericin B with ABCD compared to that with parent compound. Similar to the other lipid formulations, nephrotoxicity due to ABCD is less frequent compared to amphotericin B deoxycholate. Doses as high as 7.5 mg/kg have been safely used. ![]() Usual DosesĪBCD is in general administered at doses of 3- 6 mg/kg. For ABCD MICs obtained for various types of fungi, see susceptibility patterns and the N/A(L):susceptibility database. In the interim, we believe that testing should simply be done with amphotericin B, the parent compound.įor susceptibility patterns of amphotericin B, see amphotericin B. Further work is needed to support the relevance and clarify the meaning of these data. albicans have been found to be similar with both formulations. lusitaniae, and Cryptococcus neoformans, those for C. As for the Candidaspp., while ABCD MICs have been found to be higher than those of amphotericin B deoxycholate for C. For Aspergillus spp., the ranking of the in vitro activity of amphotericin B and its lipid formulations has been reported as amphotericin B deoxycholate = ABCD > L-AMB > ~ ABLC. Nevertheless, comparative results have been reported. This permits administration of increased doses of amphotericin B and, presumably, increased delivery of active drug to sites of infection. This is mainly due to the fact that the enhanced activity of lipid formulations of amphotericin B follows from the lesser toxicity of the lipid preparation. The significance of susceptibility testing for ABCD, as for that of any of the lipid formulations of amphotericin B, is not known. The mechanism of action and intrinsic antifungal activity of ABCD is the same as the parent compound, amphotericin B. However, its concentrations in kidneys, spleen, brain and lungs are lower than that of amphotericin B. ĪBCD achieves high concentrations in liver. The amount of amphotericin B bound to the low-density lipoprotein (LDL) fraction is also lower after administration of ABCD in comparison to amphotericin B deoxycholate. Compared to the conventional amphotericin B deoxycholate preparation, peak serum levels are lower with ABCD. Plasma clearance and volume of distribution increase with escalating doses of ABCD. After infusion, it is rapidly removed from the blood by the reticuloendothelial system and then re-released to the circulation. ABCD is being manufactured by Sequus Pharmaceuticals (Menlo Park, CA, USA) under two trade names, Amphocil™ and Amphotec™.ĪBCD displays two-compartment pharmacokinetics. As with the other lipid formulations, the major goal of developing ABCD has been to attain a compound with lower toxicity and with at least similar efficacy compared to the parent compound, amphotericin B deoxycholate.ĪBCD is composed of amphotericin B complexed with cholesteryl sulfate. Amphotericin B colloidal dispersion (ABCD) is a lipid formulation of amphotericin B. ![]()
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